GRP Rod: Solid Pultruded Round Bar

GRP rod is a solid pultruded round bar: glass fibre drawn straight through a heated die with resin and cured, with no hollow in the middle. NA-ME makes it in 19 standard diameters from Ø4 mm to Ø55 mm. It is the section you reach for when the part has to be small, stiff, strong along its length and electrically non-conductive — pins, dowels, tie bars, spacers, grating connectors. This page explains where a solid bar behaves differently from a tube, how the codes are read, and which resin belongs in which environment.

Why solid rather than hollow

A hollow tube is the efficient way to buy bending stiffness, because it puts the material where the stress is and leaves the middle empty. That is the right trade when the part is long and its job is to span or to stand. It is the wrong trade when the part is short.

A rod is chosen for the opposite set of reasons. It has full material at the centre, so it takes bearing, shear and compression across the whole section rather than through a thin wall. That is what a pin does: it sits in a hole and is loaded across its diameter. A tube in the same place would crush. A rod can be turned, threaded, cross-drilled or machined at the end without leaving a hollow to seal, and at small diameters — Ø4 to Ø12 mm — a hollow section is not practically manufacturable anyway.

The other half of the argument is tension. Pultrusion aligns the glass along the pull, so a solid bar loaded along its length is working the fibres in the direction they are strongest. That is why a rod makes a good tie or stay and a poor cantilever: pull it and it performs, load it sideways and you are back to the low modulus that governs every GRP section.

You will see the same product written as FRP rod, fiberglass rod, pultruded round bar or GFK rod depending on where the specification was drafted. For a glass-fibre profile they all mean this section.

Standard rod diameters

Standard GRP rod diameters
Code Diameter Ø (mm) Weight (kg/m)
CPR-O-101 4 0.02
CPR-O-102 6 0.06
CPR-O-103 8 0.10
CPR-O-104 10 0.16
CPR-O-105 12 0.23
CPR-O-106 15 0.36
CPR-O-107 16 0.41
CPR-O-108 18 0.49
CPR-O-109 20 0.62
CPR-O-110 25 0.97
CPR-O-111 27 1.06
CPR-O-112 30 1.34
CPR-O-113 32 1.44
CPR-O-114 33 1.48
CPR-O-115 40 2.25
CPR-O-116 42 2.60
CPR-O-117 45 2.79
CPR-O-118 48 2.97
CPR-O-119 55 4.85

Weights are per metre for the orthophthalic grade. The section number is tied to the diameter, not to the resin, so a CPR-V-109 is the same Ø20 mm bar at the same 0.62 kg/m as a CPR-O-109.

Nineteen diameters cover most work, but NA-ME cuts its own dies, so an intermediate diameter is a matter of quantity and lead time rather than a refusal. Send the diameter you need.

How to read the code

Every profile we make carries a three-part code. Take CPR-O-115:

  • CP — pultruded composite profile.
  • R — the family letter, R for rod. The others are U for channel, L for angle, I for beam, B for box, P for round tube, F for flat and S for the special sections.
  • O — the resin system. O is orthophthalic polyester; Z is isophthalic, V is vinyl ester, and OA, ZA and VA are the same three with a flame-retardant additive.
  • 115 — the section number within the family. It identifies the geometry, so CPR-O-115 and CPR-ZA-115 are both Ø40 mm at 2.25 kg/m.

So the diameter and the resin are two separate decisions, and quoting the number plus the resin letter is enough to describe the product exactly.

Choosing the resin

The glass carries the load; the resin decides how long the bar survives what surrounds it. Six systems are in production.

  • Orthophthalic polyester (O) — general purpose, for indoor work and ordinary outdoor exposure. Most dowels, spacers and connector pins are this grade.
  • Isophthalic polyester (Z) — better against permanent moisture and mild chemical load: coastal air, wash-down areas, buried or continuously wet fixings.
  • Vinyl ester (V) — for acids, alkalis and process chemistry. On a rod this matters more than people assume, because a pin in a hole sits in the one place where liquid collects and does not drain.
  • Flame-retardant grades (OA, ZA, VA) — the same three resins with a flame-retardant additive, for projects with a fire clause. Choose the base resin for the chemistry, then take the FR version of it.

These are distinct product codes rather than a finish applied afterwards, which is why the resin has to be settled at order time. The comparison in full is on resin systems; for outdoor exposure, the surface veil that protects the resin from UV is covered on surface veil, UV and fire.

Where GRP rod is used

Connection pins and dowels

Pinned joints between composite members where a steel pin would corrode or bridge two parts electrically. The bar takes the bearing across its full section.

Grating connectors and clips

Short lengths used to locate, lock and tie grating panels together and to their supports, in the same material as the grating so there is nothing to rust at the fixing point.

Tie bars and stays

Members that carry pure tension between two fixed points, where the rod is loaded along its length and the environment would attack a steel tie.

Insulating stand-offs and spacers

Substations, solar sites, testing rigs and transformer areas: anywhere two conductive parts must be held apart by something that carries load but not current.

Two further uses come up often enough to name. The first is as a tie or stay loaded purely in tension, which is the load case pultrusion is best at. The second is as machining stock: bushes, rollers, guide pins, handles and small turned parts made from a bar that has no metal in it at all. The larger diameters — Ø40 to Ø55 mm — are usually bought for this rather than for structural work.

What the material does, and what it does not

GRP does not rust, rot or attract insects. It is electrically non-conductive, its thermal conductivity is low, and it stands up to UV, weather and chemical attack. It weighs roughly a quarter of what steel does — a Ø20 mm bar is 0.62 kg/m — and it is lighter than aluminium as well.

The limits are just as important. It is a directional material: strong along the pull, weak across it, so a rod is far better in tension and bearing than in transverse bending. Its modulus of elasticity is low to medium, which is why on almost every span it is deflection rather than strength that decides the section. And it does not weld — every connection is mechanical or bonded, which changes how a job is sequenced. The numbers for a calculation are on mechanical properties; the fixing detail is on installation and fastening; how the section is drawn and cured, and why that makes it repeatable metre after metre, is on the pultrusion process.

Standards a rod specification may quote

  • EN 13706 — the European standard for pultruded structural profiles. It defines a test regime and grades E17 and E23, the number being the minimum longitudinal modulus in GPa. It classifies a profile; it is not a certificate a company holds.
  • ASTM D638 and D790 — the test methods for tensile and flexural properties, so figures from different laboratories are comparable.
  • EN 13501-1 and ASTM E84 — reaction-to-fire classifications, which is where a flame-retardant grade becomes the relevant answer.

NA-ME holds ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 certification covering the design and manufacture of composite products. The standards above are explained because they appear in buyers’ specifications; we do not present them as certifications we hold. What we test in house, and what we do not, is set out on quality, standards and testing.

Related sections

If the part is long and its job is to span or to stand, buy the hollow version instead: GRP round tube gives far more bending stiffness per kilogram. For plates, straps and edge trim, see GRP flat bar. Posts and frames are usually FRP square tube. The full family is listed on GRP and FRP structural shapes, and if the material itself is new to you, what is a GRP profile covers the ground in a few minutes.

Send your diameter and length, and we will settle the bar together

Tell us the diameter, the length, the quantity and what the rod has to do — pin, tie, spacer, machining stock — plus a sentence on the environment. That is enough to confirm a diameter from the table or to tell you what a new die involves. We have pultruded in Ankara since 1982, around half of what we make is exported, and an EU destination is 3 to 7 days from the plant by road, with no customs duty on industrial goods under the EU–Turkey Customs Union. Small and mixed orders are welcome.

Send your dimensions, get a quote